- Fertility tests for women include the following, which need to be carried out if the woman fails to conceive for twelve months if she is less than 35 years old, or six months if the woman is over 35 years old, without the use of contraception:
- Blood tests for the level of Follicle Stimulating Hormone FSH, anti-MĂĽllerian hormone, Luteinizing Hormone, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, and other hormone tests
- Transvaginal ultrasound, which provides essential diagnostic information on the uterine cavity, the presence of cysts on the ovaries, the presence of fibroids, and the level of ovarian reserve based on the number of antral follicles
- Fallopian tube evaluation, including the presence of blockages or damage, using hysterosalpingogram or sonosalpingogram
- Laparoscopy, or minimally invasive surgery, for cases where the above tests cannot be carried out to check for suspected pathology in the pelvic area
- Zemya IVF & Fertility Clinics runs fertility tests for women and their partners in South Delhi, where treatment plans are built on individual test results from the IVF Centre.
If a couple hasn’t conceived after six months of regular unprotected sex, getting tested is one of the first steps they can take to gain clarity. These tests show why conception isn’t happening and point to treatments that might work. At Zemya IVF & Fertility Clinics, female fertility exams are done with care and attention to detail. For now, the clinic emphasizes clear diagnosis over quick fixes. The results help couples understand what’s going on and what steps may follow. Each person’s case is reviewed separately to tailor the path forward.
When Should Women Consider Fertility Testing?
Women who are younger than 35 and have been trying to conceive through regular unprotected intercourse for 12 months without success should undergo fertility testing. However, for women who are 35 years and older, it is recommended that they seek the services of a fertility expert after 6 months of trying to conceive. However, it is recommended to undergo the tests earlier if you have irregular periods or irregular cycles, have a known history of polycystic ovary syndrome, pelvic inflammatory disease, uterine fibroids, or ovarian cysts, have had an ectopic pregnancy in the past, or have any other conditions that might impair fertility. A health professional might recommend fertility tests before you attempt to conceive if there are known risk factors based on your medical and sexual history.
Initial Assessment: Medical and Sexual History
The fertility evaluation at Zemya IVF & Fertility Clinics, the best IVF Clinic in South Delhi, starts with a full medical history – menstrual cycles, sexual history, past pregnancies or losses. Menstrual regularity, painful periods, unusual bleeding, or signs of hormonal imbalance are all noted carefully. This helps shape the next steps in testing. Tests are chosen based on what’s most likely to be relevant. Avoiding unnecessary exams is a key goal, mainly when the patient’s history is clear. At least in theory, this approach keeps things focused and efficient.
Blood Tests and Hormone Tests
Follicle Stimulating Hormone
Follicle stimulating hormone FSH, secreted by the pituitary gland, is critical in stimulating follicular development and egg production during each cycle. When the follicle-stimulating hormone level is high, as confirmed by a blood test on day two or three of the cycle, it indicates reduced ovarian reserve, meaning that fewer eggs are left and have to work harder to develop a follicle. FSH testing is one of the most primary tests for female fertility carried out at the IVF Centre in South Delhi at Zemya IVF & Fertility Clinics.
Anti-MĂĽllerian Hormone
Anti-Mullerian hormone (also referred to as anti-Mullerian hormone) is a hormone that the granulosa cells of small ovarian follicles produce directly. The AMH blood test could be done at any time of the menstrual cycle, and it is a very good indicator of ovarian reserve, the number of eggs left. Lower AMH levels point to a reduced ovarian reserve, whereas extremely high levels can be an indication of polycystic ovary syndrome. In fact, AMH testing has been gaining popularity as a tool for fertility assessment through ovarian reserve testing, as it can provide the measurement independent of the cycle with a single blood sample.
Luteinising Hormone
Luteinising hormone causes ovulation when its levels surge mid-cycle. Luteinising hormone and FSH levels are also checked to see whether the hormonal cascade for ovulation is normal or not. An elevated ratio of LH to FSH is a hallmark of polycystic ovary syndrome due to hormonal imbalance and abnormal development of follicles and ovulation.
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone and Other Hormone Tests
The test for thyroid-stimulating hormone is a critical part of tests for female fertility, as an overactive or underactive thyroid has a significant effect on ovulation and the regularity of the female menstrual cycle. Other hormone tests, including prolactin, oestradiol, and progesterone, are carried out to check for hormonal balance, ovulation, and whether hormonal imbalance is affecting fertility. Research has shown that even slightly raised levels of prolactin have been found to inhibit ovulation and irregular periods without other apparent symptoms.
Ovarian Reserve Testing
Thing is, beyond AMH and FSH, Zemya IVF & Fertility Clinics runs a transvaginal ultrasound to do an antral follicle count – tallying the small follicles in both ovaries at the beginning of the cycle. More follicles mean better ovarian reserve and a stronger likelihood of reaction to fertility meds used for ovulation or IVF. If the count is low along with low AMH and high FSH, that points to diminished ovarian reserve; talk to your team right away about options like IVF or donor eggs. The test helps guide decisions before treatment starts.
Pelvic Ultrasound and Transvaginal Ultrasound
An ultrasound scan of the pelvis is one of the most informative and non-invasive tests of female fertility. The transvaginal ultrasound scan enables the fertility expert to evaluate the uterine cavity for any fibroids or abnormal uterine anatomy that might be causing female infertility, evaluate the ovaries for cysts or polycystic ovary syndrome, and get a general overview of the health of the female reproductive organs. Most women only feel a little discomfort during a transvaginal ultrasound scan; however, the procedure offers immediate and detailed information regarding the health of the uterus and ovaries, which cannot be obtained through a blood test.
Assessment of the Fallopian Tubes
The fallopian tubes must also be open if natural conception is to occur. This is because fertilization of the egg occurs in the fallopian tube before the fertilized egg enters the uterus. Blocked fallopian tubes due to various reasons like pelvic inflammatory disease, previous infections, endometriosis, and scar tissue due to previous surgeries are one of the most important causes of female infertility. Various tests are performed to check the tubal patency and the condition of the uterus and fallopian tubes.
Hysterosalpingography uses X-ray to track contrast dye from the cervix into the uterus and fallopian tubes, revealing blockages or shape issues. No radiation. No dye. Sonosalpingography replaces both with sterile saline and ultrasound Safer. More comfortable. Same results. These tests are standard for women with suspected tubal infertility at Zemya IVF & Fertility Clinics. The diagnosis helps guide treatment plans clearly. A woman might choose this path if she values lower exposure to radiation or discomfort during the exam.
Laparoscopic Surgery
When doctors strongly suspect a disease in the pelvic organs but the non-invasive tests fail to confirm it, a surgical procedure with the patient being completely unconscious (general anesthesia) can be performed through a very small incision in the patient’s abdomen (minimally invasive surgery). This will enable the surgeon to see the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries directly. Laparoscopic surgery can be used not only for diagnostic purposes but also for therapeutic interventions in cases of pelvic pathologies such as endometriosis, adhesion formation, ovarian cysts, and the formation of fibrous scars that may cause infertility in a couple. Other less invasive procedures, such as blood tests or ultrasound, may not identify the cause of a couple’s inability to conceive, so in such cases, laparoscopy may be the only way of finding out the reasons.
Genetic Testing
For women with a history of recurring miscarriages, severely decreased ovarian reserve at a young age, or a family history of genetic disorders, genetic tests can offer extra diagnostic details. Chromosomal tests can help identify inherited disorders that may impact fertility and the health of any potential pregnancies, which in turn can help decide the best course of action, including PGD during the IVF cycle.
Home Fertility Tests
A new wave of home fertility tests is hitting the market. Some check their urine for LH to catch ovulation. Others use a finger-prick to measure AMH and show ovarian reserve. These tools give a snapshot, not a full picture. They don’t replace visits to a fertility specialist. Lab results from home kits need expert review. A doctor will interpret findings properly. Further testing may be needed if signs point that way.
Male Fertility Tests: An Essential Component
No evaluation of a woman’s fertility would be complete without simultaneously evaluating the man. Semen analysis has always been the gold standard of tests for evaluating a man’s fertility by checking the sperm count, motility, and morphology of a single semen specimen. Further tests of male fertility, such as testicular ultrasound, hormone level blood tests, urinalysis after ejaculation, and genetic tests, may also be recommended depending on the semen analysis results. Male fertility problems account for half of all fertility problems, making semen analysis a vital concurrent test with a woman’s fertility tests. Zemya IVF & Fertility Clinics simultaneously evaluates a couple to ensure a complete and efficient evaluation.
Treatment Options Following Fertility Testing
After reviewing the fertility test results, the fertility expert at Zemya IVF & Fertility Clinics creates a plan of action depending on the underlying causes of infertility. Such treatments include lifestyle modifications such as weight reduction and hormonal balance, ovulation induction, IUI, and IVF for complex cases of infertility. For cases of unexplained infertility, in which all tests point to normal fertility levels, fertility treatments have been proven to boost the odds of conception far beyond unprotected intercourse attempts.
